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JCAS in Afghanistan: Fixing the Tower of Babel by LTC John Jansen, USMC; LCDR Nicholas Dienna, USN; MAJ Wm Todd Bufkin II, USMC; MAJ David I. Oclander, USA; MAJ Thomas Di Tomasso, USA; and Maj James B. Sisler, USAF (joint article with authors who include two pilots that flew in Operation Anaconda and two that flew in Afghanistan during Operation Enduring Freedom), March-April, Pages 22-30. Outlines the problems with JCAS in Afghanistan at the operational and tactical levels and tells how to fix them for future operations, calling for adherence to proven joint doctrine in Joint Pub 3-09.3 JTTP for Close Air Support and giving specific JCAS TTP. The article is a melding of two articles submitted by the authors that have the titles “The Tower of Babel: JCAS in Operations Enduring Freedom and Anaconda at the Operational Level” and “Line 1 Through 3…N/A: JCAS in Operations Enduring Freedom and Anaconda at the Tactical Level.” The original articles also are available in their entirety online.

 CENTCOM: Targeting in a Unified Command, an interview with GEN Tommy R. Franks, CINCENT, May-June 2001, Pages 2-5.  Discusses general targeting procedures, CENTCOM’s unique command and control organization and employment of the ATACMS.

  Afghanistan: Fire Support for Operation Anaconda an interview with MG Franklin L. Hagenbeck (10th Mountain Division and Coalition Joint Task Force Mountain), September-October 2002, Pages 5-9.  Discusses the cultural and environmental conditions, the threat, employment of fire support assets (no artillery weapons), advantages and disadvantages of aircraft for close support and the coordination and deconfliction of fires.

  Afghanistan: Joint and Coalition Fire Support in Operation Anaconda by LTC Christopher F. Bentley (DFSCOORD for 10th Mountain Division), September-October 2002, Pages 10-14.  Discusses targeting challenges, ISR capabilities, FSCMs, fires execution (including establishing a battery of 120-mm and 81-mm mortars) and FIST resources and training for future joint/coalition operations.

  Counterfire in Afghanistan by WO1 Scott E. Prochniak and MAJ Dennis W. Yates (3-320 FA, 101st Division), September-October 2002, Pages 15-18.  Discusses the environment, the mission of protecting the force, other missions in the AO, counterfire in Operation Anaconda and a look at the future.  Includes a checklist of Q-36 employment considerations and a list of maintenance lessons.  

   Afghanistan: Firing Artillery Accurately with Air Force Met Support by 1LT Joshua D. Mitchell (FDO, C/1-319 AFAR, 82d Abn Div in Afghanistan), Jan-Feb 2003, Pages 38-41. Tells how to use the USAF’s Interactive Gridded Analysis and Display System (IGRADS) simulation software to negate firing errors due to inaccurate meteorological data in the extreme climate of the combat theater. (C Battery did not have access to an Army Met team

  DOCC Operations in JTF-Kuwait by MAJ Roy C. Sevalia and LTC David C. Sims, AR, (Third Army during Operations Desert Thunder and Fox in Kuwait), January-February 2000, Pages 39-44.  Discusses the battlefield command/framework and the DOCC’s joint fires synchronization (DOCC tasks, combat assessment, impact of weather on assets, battlespace shaping matrix and the operations of the DOCC’s five branches: deep operations, plans, target development/operations, EW, C2 warfare, PSYOP and FSE)

  False Targets: Mirages in the Desert by CPT Michael D. Farris and 1LT Peter A. Catanese (3d Armored Division), February 1992, Pages 15-16.  Presents a phenomenon encountered in TA batteries immediately after Operation Desert Storm: Firefinder radar’s acquisition of false targets in the desert. (The TA Branch of FSCAOD reviewed this article in May 2002 and concluded FA units still face the same challenges in desert operations.)

Mirages in the Desert: Opportunity Knocking by MAJ John Dornstadter, CPT Maurice F. Posmanick and MAJ David M. Patterson (TA Department, FA School)—February 1992, Pages 17-18.  Responds to “False Targets: Mirages in the Desert,” explaining the problem and outlining solutions.  (The TA Branch of FSCAOD reviewed this article in May 2002 and concluded the explanation and solutions still apply.)

 Artillery Surveyors: Nomads of the Battlefield by CW3 W. Mark Barnes, USMC (GD), January-February 2001, Pages 43-45.  Among other topics, discusses GPS systems and their vulnerabilities to jamming/defeat and the challenges of working without GPS while having to use multiple international mapping systems with different datums.

The Bottom Line for Accurate Massed Fires: Common Grid by CW3 Xavier Herrera, USMC (Chief, Survey Division, Cannon Branch,GD), Jan-Feb 2003, Pages 5-9. Discusses common grid and common survey and their targeting issues and provides references and practical TTP for ensuring accurate, massed fires. Common grid includes the geodetic system, coordinate/grid system, map projection and relative survey. Fire supporters must understand that all maps do not reference the same datums/ellipsoids--even US joint forces use different coordinate/grid systems. Includes PLGR procedures for converting one coordinate/grid system to another, the criteria and references for converting to common survey data, the capabilities/limitations and vulnerability of GPS, questions planner need to ask to prevent common grid issues, and a list of references for training and solving problems with common grid.

  Hasty Astro: Taking the Needle Out of the Equation by MAJ Michael J. Forsyth, CPT Timothy P. Sullivan and SFC Jeffery M. Hoppert (JRTC), May-June 2000, Page 39.  When a battery deploys without survey support, the article tells how to perform hasty astro techniques, the second best means of getting survey data.

 Low-Angle Fires for MOUT by 1LT Christopher R. Boris (10th Mountain Division), November-December 2001, Page 43. Discusses that the usually preferred high-angle fire for MOUT is less accurate than low-angle fires and gives TTP for computing firing data for low-angle fires with intervening crests/buildings and the use of the VT fuzes to allow the fire supporter to use low-angle fires as often as possible in MOUT.

  Company FIST in the Desert—1st Cav in Kuwait by 2LT Jonathan A. K. Rolfe and SGT Kevin Kirchoffer (A/1-12 FA, 1st Cavalry Division), May-June 1997, Page 2.  Letter-to-the-editor tips for company FISTs operating in the desert: use PLGR to report the FLOT, use company way points as triggers, use ground burst illumination to mark TRPs, use the targeting head to define triggers in the defense and use mortars aggressively.

  Paladin Defensive Positioning in Open Terrain by SFC Sam K. Young (B/1-10 FA, 3d Infantry Division), September-October 1998, Page 15.  Covers TTP for setting up a defensive Paladin platoon position by plotting section positions.

  Firefinder Initialization with Limited Map or Survey Data by CW5 Joseph A. Stephens (TA Division, FSCAOD), June 1993, Page 49.

  Put Out the Fire: Countering Mortars in Operations Other Than War by CPT Keith R. Yoder and CW4 Luke M. Thomson (JRTC), February 1995, Pages 38-42.  Outlines how to defeat guerrilla mortars by finding and destroying/capturing the mortars and executing a battle drill that allows for the rapid attack of the platforms within two minutes of acquisition.  Letter-to-the-editor“Target Acquisition Reporting Channels Made Standard” by CW3 Millard Lowry, Jr., (18th FA Brigade), January-February 1996, Page 3, improves on the “Battle Drill to Rapidly Fire on Mortars” diagram in the countering mortars article, February 1995, Page 41.

  Krasnopol: A Laser-Guided Projectile by Walter W. Williams and Michael D. Holthus (TRADOC Threat Support Directorate), September-October 2002, Pages 30-33.  Discusses the considerable capabilities of the Russian-made, artillery-delivered Krasnopol as compared to Copperhead, the only US artillery-delivered laser-guided munition; the proliferation of the projectile to at least 12 countries in Africa, the Middle East and Asia with known buyers of India, China, Ukraine and Belarus; and measures to counter Krasnopol.

  The Scud Battery—An Inside Look at the Threat by 2LT David E. Kinnamon (1-12 FA, 17th FA Brigade), January-February 1998, Page 15.  Brief look at the Scud battery’s capabilities and limitations with discussions about the launchers and support trucks.

Competing with Long-Range Enemy Artillery by CPT Daniel S. Burgess, MI (S2, 4th Infantry Division Artillery), January-February 1997, Pages 20-24.  Discusses countering the BCTP threat, positioning MLRS forward, taking the fight to the enemy in deep interdiction strikes, the organizational structure of an artillery task force, leveraging deep operations assets with the DOCC, and the use of an air mobile task force to attack enemy artillery positions.

  TTP for Fire Support from an Airborne CP by LTC Albert A. Mrozek, Jr., (XVIII Airborne Corps Airborne CP Fire Support Officer), March-April 1998, Pages 26-29.  Details the airborne CP’s mission, FSO’s role and responsibilities and processing requests for fire.  Includes an example design of the airborne CP for the joint task force forcible entry into Haiti, battle staff manning, list of contents of the FSO’s battle book and an example of a fire support execution matrix.

  Operation Restore Hope—A Logistical Challenge, an interview with MG Waldo D. Freeman (Deputy CINC and Chief of Staff of CENTCOM), June 1993, Pages 5-8.  Defines the threat in Somalia, ROE, deployment challenges, and multinational operational and logistical challenges.

  Fires for the IBCT—A Mobile Infantry-Centric Force, an interview with COL Steven L. Bailey (Commander, IBCT), November-December 2001, Pages 5-8.  Discusses IBCT operational distances and the challenges those distances present, employment of the FECC, contributions of UAVs and scenarios representative of IBCT employment and shows an IBCT organizational chart (Page 6).

  Counterfire in the IBCT by CPT Kevin E. Finch, LTC Henry S. Larsen III and CPT Vincent J. Bellisario (1-37 FA, 2d Infantry Division, DS to the IBCT), November-December 2001, Pages 14-18.  Discusses how the DS FA battalion in the IBCT provides proactive and reactive counterfire via the FECC and outlines the uniqueness of the IBCT.

  Joint Targeting School by Major Gregory P. Fenton (US Joint Forces Command, Joint Warfighting Center’s Joint Targeting School, Virginia Beach, Virginia), May-June 2001, Page 16. Discusses three-week Joint Targeting Staff Course, two-week Joint Targeting Application Course (weaponeering), one-week Joint Battle Damage Assessment Course and the school’s Mobile Training Team. www.jwfc.jfcom.mil/othernat/jw5000/

  Joint Targeting Doctrine by LTC Thomas J. Murphy and LTC(R) Bernd L. Ingram (Battle Lab), September-October 2001, Pages 36-38.  Update on joint doctrinal manuals related to fire support: JP 3-09 doctrine for Joint Fire Support and JP 3-60 Joint Doctrine for Targeting.

 JTRGS: Common Reference System for Coordinating and Synchronizing Joint Fires by Major Adam J. Legg (V Corps FECC), May-June 2001, Pages 32-36. Discusses a joint targeting reference grid system (JTRGS) to coordinate and synchronize corps assets and supporting joint fires.

Joint Tactical Radio System: Volume, Distance and Speed by CPT Steven T. Wall, SC, (TSM-TR), January-February 2000, Page 45.  Briefly describes the wireless, secure, multi-band/multi-mode digital radio for the JTF that can send orders electronically; interoperate with joint and multinational forces; tap civilian networks; and provide voice, video and data simultaneously theater-wide. The radio will allow fire supporters to communicate huge amounts of digital data over greater distances at sensor-shooter speeds.  It was projected to start fielding in 2002: www.gordon.army.mil/tsmtr.

  ICDB Number for MILSATCOM Access by LTC(R) William Darden, SC, and MAJ(R) Debbie E. Linton, SC, (Army Programs for IO), January-February 2000, Page 38.  Discusses that units from company to corps levels must have an integrated communications database (ICDB) number to access MILSATCOM, the ICDB number validation/approval process and the requirement for the unit to update its ICDB every two years.

 The Law of War and Fire Support: A Primer for Fire Supporters by CPT Jon D. Holdaway (JAG), May-June 2001, Pages 40-43. Provides a broad understanding of the Law of War in the context of traditional fire support targeting and as a basis for addressing future operations, including the definition of the Law of War and a methodology for applying it.  

  Legal Issues with Fires in COE Populated Areas by GEN Burwell B. Bell III, MG Guy Bourn, COL Patrick Lisownski, JA, and LTC Gary A. Agron (CG III Corps, CG Corps Artillery, Corps JA and Corps DFSCOORD), Jan-Feb 2003, Pages 29-32. Gives TTP for applying the Law of Land Warfare to targeting: articulating military objectives; minimizing collateral damage, unnecessary suffering, incidental damage or indiscriminate attacks; and assessing proportionality. Includes a form to record the Law of Land Warfare considerations made in executing a target that has the potential for being a Law of Land Warfare violation; the form is an “audit trail” for explanation to other military officials or “CNN.”

  NEO Evacuation and Control Center Operations by LTC John H. Northrup (3-7 FA, 25th Infantry Division), April 1992, Pages 26-30.  Discusses procedures to set up an evacuation control center for noncombatant evacuation operations (NEO) to protect US citizens and allies in harm’s way during disasters or because of the escalation of conflict.

  The IPB Process for Operations Other Than War by CPT Tamara L. Morris, MI, (Targeting Branch, FSCAOD), September-October 1995, Pages 28-31.  Presents steps in developing an IPB for OOTW/SASO.

  Operation Desert Storm—Mobilization and Deployment of the 142d Field Artillery Brigade by COL Charles J. Linch, ARNG (142d FA Brigade, ARARNG), June 1993, Pages 13-15.  Outlines the training strategy, state support and active Army support for the deployment of an ARNG FA brigade to the Gulf.

  Deploying for Victory by COL William J. Lennox, Jr., and LTC John M. House (24th Infantry Division), June 1993, Pages 21-23.  Outlines deployment lessons learned in the division’s 1990 deployment to the Middle East for Operations Desert Shield and Storm.

  Deploying for Victory II: The 24th Div Arty in Somalia by COL William J. Lennox, Jr., and LTC Charles B. Allen (24th Infantry Division), August 1994, Pages 14-17.  Discusses task organization, UBL, pre-deployment training and homework, positioning and tactics, fire support structure, clearance of fires, TA and ROE.

  Reflections on the Storm: FA Vector for the Future by LTC Thomas M. Davis (3d Armored Division), August 1993, Pages 44-49.  From perspective of a FA DS battalion commander, discusses doctrine, organization and equipment that were challenges in Operation Desert Storm.

  Redlegs in the Gulf—Special Desert Storm Edition (October 1991)78Mb Zip file. This 72-page magazine is more of an anthology of what FA units did in Operations Desert Shield and Storm than a typical FA Bulletin.  It includes the following articles:  

On the Move: FA On Target in the Storm by MG Fred F. Marty (Chief of FA), Page 1.  Discusses doctrine, training, modernization and leader development of fire support and the FA that proved such a major force for the combined-arms team in Desert Storm.  

A View of the Storm: Forward Observations by COL David A. Rolston (FSCAOD), Pages 4-6.  Observations focusing on doctrine, organization, training, materiel and leadership were based on interviews with soldiers who fought in the Gulf War and after-action reports from combat units submitted immediately after Desert Storm.  

Myths and Lessons of Iraqi Artillery by CPTs Michael D. Holthus (Foreign Science and Technology Center) and Steven M. Chandler, Pages 7-9.  Discusses the war and counters some of the myths about the Iraqi artillery.  

Fire Support “Silver Bullets” by COL Vollney B. Corn, Jr., and CPT Richard A. Lacquemont (1st Armored Division),  Pages 10-15.  Discusses critical aspects of FA force structure and equipment that need improving: MLRS, M109, Firefindar radars, RPVs, FIST-V, general-purpose trucks and logistics.  

Lessons from BattleKings in the Desert by MAJ John M. House (3-41 FA, 24th Infantry Division), Pages 16-21.  Discusses living and training in Saudi Arabia and fighting in Iraq: the battalion box, terrain management, gunnery issues, vehicle recommendations, the “dirty battlefield” and chemical protection.  

Company Fire Support Operations by 1LT John A. Ford and 2LT William Lockard (24th Infantry Division), Pages 22-24.  Discusses the company FSO and his FIST at the heart of the battle in the Euphrates River valley who triggered the effects of the FA that played a critical role in the speedy victory of the 24th ID.  Itemized technical tricks: superwhip antennas, night vision, dual digital FO processing of multiple missions, laminating/sequencing maps, and DMD 5x8 cards.  

Artillery Raids in Southwestern Kuwait by LtCol James L. Sachtleben (5-11 Marines), Pages 25-29.  Describes the artillery raid: task organization (5-11 Marines had two batteries of M198s, one battery of M109A3s and one battery of M110A1s), training, positioning, directional control, security, Met support, communications, C2, logistics and the scenario of three actual raids.  

100 Hours with Light TACFIRE by CPT Richard A. Needham and MAJ Russell Graves (142d FA Bde, ARARNG), Pages 30-33.  

Logistical Support for the FA Brigade by LTC Peter W. Gibbons (75th FA Brigade, Pages 36-41.  Discusses serious flaws with logistical support (transportation, supply, weather, low priority, and water and fuel) and gives suggestions for improvements.  

Operations Desert Shield and Storm: A Unique Challenge for the 18th FA Brigade (Airborne) by COL Freddy E. McFarren and LTCs Lonnie L. Johnson, Jr.; and William H. Groening (18th FA Brigade)), Pages 42-48.  With the addition of an ARNG 155-mm battalion and a III Corps Artillery MLRS battalion to the 18th Brigade, discusses TTP for brigade C2, battalion movement (march column and assembly areas), survey, TACFIRE/LTACFIRE, LNOs for fire support for the French, Met support, logistics, OH58D helicopters, navigation, platoon versus battery operations, towed howitzer mobility; Met/calibration/MVV and the need for equipment upgrades.  

Steel Rain—XVIII Airborne Corps Artillery in Desert Storm by MAJ Kenneth P. Graves (XVIII Airborne Corps Artillery), Pages 49-56.  Elements of the XVIII Airborne Corps Artillery were among the first forces deployed to Saudi Arabia.  Discusses transition to Operation Desert Storm, observations (targeting, keeping pace with maneuver, C3, the OH58D-artillery team, Met, logistics, joint fire support doctrine, joint attack of artillery, liaison, and the employment of FA systems (heavy versus towed howitzers, MLRS and ATACMS, and counterfire radars.  

The Lightning of Desert Storm by COL Randall J. Anderson and MAJ Charles B. Allen (101st Airborne Division), Pages 57-63.  Discusses the division’s operations in Desert Shield, including its covering force mission and its four-phase OPLAN as it attacked into Kuwait.  

How to Cure the FIST-V Blues by 1LTs Aaron L. Geduldig, Mark S. Kremer, James A. Skelton and Willie R. Witherspoon (1st Cavalry Division), Pages 64-66.  Discusses the FIST-V (FM2), including how to convert Bradleys to FIST vehicles on the spot and how to maintain, defend and employ the Bradleys.  

Muzzle Velocity Management During Operation Desert Storm by Capt B.L. Peyton (12th Marines), Page 67.  Discusses difficulties encountered in managing accurate weapon and ammunition information and ways to improve the system to include: the artillery community’s communicating the need for ammo lot management to the CSS elements who control the ASP, giving firing elements opportunities to establish MVV data bases for the high charges during routine training exercises; and outlining the need a replacement for the M90 velocimeter.

  Targeting During Desert Storm by CPTs Richard A. Lacquement, Joseph V. Pacilleo, MI, and Paul A.F. Gallo (1st Armored Division), February 1992, Pages 33-38.  Discusses counterfire, intelligence, operations, CP exercises, the attack and observations.

Focusing Combat Power—The Role of the FA Brigade by COL Morris J. Boyd and MAJ Randall A. Mitchell (42d FA Brigade, VII Corps), February 1992, Pages 46-52.  Discusses the challenges of supporting three different divisions during Operation Desert Storm, addressing the details of liaison teams, retrans teams, heavy reinforcing light, MLRS raids forward, the “jump TOC” and more.

  “Roadrunner” Operations in Desert Storm by LTC Stephen J. Arntz (1-18 FA, 75th FA Brigade, III Corps), June 1991, Pages 35-39.  Discusses the use of the wedge formation for movement in the desert, CSS and training for M110s howitzers.

  Movement to Contact: “Red Dragons” in Operation Desert Shield by LTC Kenneth R. Knight and CPTs Henry S. Larsen, Allen W. Batchelet and Ronald A. Hoskinson (1st Cavalry Division) June 1991, Pages 42-45.  Discusses the development of the battery wedge formation for artillery movement and occupation in the desert.

  MLRS in Operation Desert Storm by MAJ Mark S. Jensen (1-27 FA, 42d FA Brigade), August 1991, Pages 30-34.  Discusses planning and executing MLRS raids and conducting a prep for one division and then immediately executing a “student body left” (slide left) around Iraqi lines to link up with another division.

  M198 Battery Occupation During an Overland Attack by CPT Karl T. Stebbins and 1LT Scott F. Snair (5-8 FA, 18th FA Brigade), August 1991, Pages 35-37.  Discusses occupation procedures during Operation Desert Storm.

  1-41 FA in Desert Storm: A Test Bed for Doctrine and Equipment by LTC John P. Floris (1-41 FA, 24th Infantry Division), December 1991, Pages 37-41.  M548 and FIST-V mobility and maintenance challenges, brigade and TF FSEs collocating with the brigade/TF TACs rather than the brigade/TF TOCs, Q-36 and Q-37 operations, moving in an infantry/armor diamond formation as a tactical wedge and more.

  Iron Rain: MLRS Storms onto the Battlefield by CPT Gary D. Langford (A/94 FA, 1st Armored Division), December 1991, Pages 50-54.  Discusses MLRS accuracy, ammunition haul capacity, SPLL reliability/maintenance, ablative panels, basic loads, DS repairmen, training issues and separate battery versus battalion.

The 2d ACR at the Battle of 73 Easting by 1LT Daniel L. Davis (2d Armored Cavalry Regiment), April 1992, Pages 48-53.  Discusses fire support for a tank battle at 73 Easting in Operation Desert Storm and lessons learned.  

  Fires TTP to Defeat the COE OPFOR by MAJ W. Wayne Ingalls, MI (Chief, TA Division, FSCAOD), Jan-Feb 2003, Pages 25-28. Describes the COE OPFOR, including his fire support equipment, tactics and procedures, plus friendly force TTP to counter the OPFOR fire support capabilities.

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  Maneuver Commander’s Guidance for Fire Support—What We Really Need by LTC William S. Rabena (NTC), September-October 2002, Pages 42-45.  Discusses the inadequacies of current doctrine and simplification of guidance design (Task in maneuver terms defining the formation/function the commander wants to effect and Purpose defining what will be seen to happen to friendly or enemy forces during execution).

  Improving the Responsiveness and Lethality of Fires at the BCT Level by LTC Richard M. Francey, Jr., and MAJ Michael D. Hilliard (4-42 FA, 4th Infantry Division), September-October 2002, Pages 22-25.  Discusses clarifying the commander’s guidance for fire support, streamlining calls-for-fire, employing a close support battery in TF operations, establishing habitual relationships between batteries and maneuver TFs, implementing a TF observation plan and training the DS battalion for combat.

  The Close Support Battery in Task Force Operations on the 21st Century Battlefield by CPT David B. Tabor (4-42 FA, 4th Infantry Division),September-October 2002 Pages 26-29.  Walks through how to employ a close support battery using the MDMP, including outlining the seven inherent responsibilities of the close support battery and changes to the traditional communications structure for a close support battery.

  Improving Close Contact Fires: Dedicated Batteries Linked to Parallel Clearance of Fires by LTC Mark R. Mueller (3d Infantry Division), September-October 2002, Pages 34-39.  Discusses the use of a modified dedicated battery and a parallel clearance of fires process to improve responsiveness.

 Faster Fires: TTP for Sensor-to-Shooter and Clearance of Fires Operations by LTC Scott G. Wuesner (JRTC), January-February 2002, Pages 5-7. Provides TTP for the FA FO and Kiowa Warrior aerial observers employed as sensors to make fires faster and more responsive; also provides TTP to streamline sensor-to-shooter operations and clearance of fires procedures. Gives clearance of fires procedures when a unit has POF from a specified shooter or no POF from a specified shooter, based on the type of control (centralized, decentralized or pre-designated) and communications.

  How to Develop the Best-Ever Fire Support System by LTC James L. Miller (2d Infantry Division), September-October 2002, Pages 19-21.  Discusses command emphasis, experience of fire support personnel, training, integration of fire supporters with maneuver and equipment.

  The Maneuver Shooter Program: Multiplying the Efficiency of Indirect Fires by MSG Sean T. Yeterian and SFC Richard B. Dauz (1st Infantry Division), May-August 2002, Pages 32-34.  Outlines a three-phase training program to train maneuver to call for and adjust fires, culminating in a live-fire exercise, and deals with issues such as target location and understanding procedures at the lowest level.

Accurate Target Location and the Maneuver Shooter: Are We Ready to Shoot? by SFC Marshall Teague, Jr. (NTC), January-February 2002, Pages 30-31. Focuses on PCC and PCIs to ensure shooters can locate targets accurately: FIST-V, G/VLLD and MELIOS; M1A1, M1A2 and M1A2 SEP tanks; and M2A2 and M2A2 ODS Bradley fighting vehicles.

  Task Force Fire Support Evolution: FIST Employment Concepts by CPT Reed Anderson (1-6 FA, 1st Infantry Division), September-October 2001, Pages 29-31. Shows how BFIST and Striker HMMWV can mitigate the limitations of the FIST-V and describes BFIST/Striker HMMWV employment TTP.

  AVP: Increasing Laser Target Location Accuracy at Max Ranges by SFC Stephen R. Hekeler (NTC), September-October 2002, Pages 40-41.  Outlines steps for the azimuth verification process (AVP) that observers can use to determine more accurate target locations at greater ranges, including with the G/VLLD, HGSS, FIST-V or MELIOS.

 Planning Fires for Brigade Success—Simple, Well-Rehearsed and Violently Executed by COL William L. Greer (JRTC), March-April 2001, Pages 36-37. Tools to simplify the brigade FSO’s fire planning during the MDMP: extracting the commander’s guidance, refining EFSTs, integrating targeting, and rehearsing and executing the plan.

 Team Fires—Taking Responsibility for TF Mortars by LTC John Uberti and CPT John J. Herrman (82d Airborne Division), March-April 2001, Pages 22-24. Discusses integrating training of FA and mortars and centralizing indirect fire assets with the battalion FDC controlling them.  Rule of Thumb: “If the target is within three kilometers, it is generally a mortar target; if it is outside three kilometers, the mission is sent to the cannon battery.”

  CAS Battle Drill by MAJs David G. Smith and Jonathan E. Bachman, USAF, (ALO and Air Ground Operations at the NTC), September-October 2001, Pages 25-28. Outlines TTP for executing CAS, making the most out of fuel- and time-limited aircraft. Includes “what right looks [sounds] like” in a CAS battle drill and TTP for CAS and artillery attacking the same target.

 Echeloning Fires: Breaking Bad Training Habits by LTC Scott G. Wuesner (JRTC), November-December 2001, Pages 34-36.  Discusses that the misuse of REDs and failure to apply the five requirements of accurate predicted fire have led to flawed TTP for echeloning fires with the result of inaccurate fires and discusses what units can do about it.

  82d Airborne Division Maneuver and Fires Integration Program by MAJ John P. Drago, January-February 2002, Pages 26-29.  Discusses the details of a phased approach to training to integrate fires and maneuver, including training maneuver shooters, that culminates with OP 13 FCX or CALFEX.

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3. Digital Assistance   Go Top

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  ARNG AFATDS Sustainment Training on RCAS by SFC(R) Dennis D. Pannell, OKARNG (former 45th FA Bde Administrator for the Reserve Component Automated System, or RCAS), Jan-Feb 2003, Pages 42-43. Tells how ARNG units can use RCAS to conduct AFATDS sustainment training with all brigade subordinate units simultaneously in multiple states, allowing each unit to train at its own location.

  Digital Interoperability Between AFATDS and IFSAS by MAJ Michael A. Ascura (TSM-FATDS), January-February 2000, Pages 36-37.  Discusses the limitations of AFATDS interfacing with IFSAS when IFSAS is in the higher headquarters.  The article is in response to the article “Operation Desert Thunder and the Force FA Headquarters” (January-February 1999, Pages 38-42) in which the 3d Infantry Division Artillery deployed to Kuwait with IFSAS to serve as the force FA headquarters in theater and had to interface with AFATDS units.  (“Digital Interoperability Between AFATDS and IFSAS” was staffed to TSM-FATDS in May 2002 that said IFSAS units could face the same challenges.)

  Air Support Functionality in AFATDS by MAJ Alford J. Williams (TSM-FATDS), May-June 2001, Pages 20-23.  Discusses how AFATDS processes immediate and preplanned requests for air support for the Army and Marine Corps.

 What the Commander Needs to Know About Guidance in AFATDS by COL James G. Boatner, Jr. (TSM-FATDS), March-April 2002, Pages 24-28. Outlines specific areas requiring the maneuver commander’s or FSCOORD’s approval: digital annex in the unit TACSOP, mission prioritization, TMM, fire support buffer zones, FA restrictions, attack methods and mission intervention.

AFATDS Gunnery: Technical Fire Direction by MAJ Alford J. Williams (TSM-FATDS), March-April 2002, Pages 29-34.  Outlines what to expect from AFATDS Version 6 (formerly known as A99) with technical fire direction capabilities; includes a section on setting intervention points at the battery and platoon levels.

  AFATDS-Kiowa Warrior: A Deadly Digital Interface by SFCs James L. Johnson, Jr., and Anthony E. Lynch (1-7 Cav, 1st Cavalry Division), July-August 2000, Pages 40-41.  Outlines communications protocols and TTP for digitally interfacing the Kiowa Warrior OH-58D helicopter with its squadron FSE.

 Reactive Targeting: Firefinder and AFATDS in the Digitized Division by CW2 Two Eric J. Moran and LTC Dominic D. Swayne (4th Infantry Division), May-June 2001, Pages 24-27.  Discusses how changes in technology affect radar zone management and TTP to maximize the counterfire system of systems in the division.

Fighting With and Against Fires: The Transformation Continues by COL Kenneth W. Hunzeker and LTC Dominc D. Swayne (4th Infantry Division), September-October 2001, Pages 21-24.  Describes the division capstone exercise at the NTC using AFATDS’ fire support client software to enhance situational awareness and the execution of fires. Using the Firefinder radar zone management described in the article “Reactive Targeting: Firefinder and AFATDS in the Digitized Division” (May-June 2001, Pages 24-27) and the TTP described, the fire support client software displays red vectors for the location and targets of the enemy artillery firing and blue vectors of the location and targets of the friendly artillery firing; this is an analysis/situational awareness tool for the division commander.

  4th ID DCX II: The Digitized Division Fights the COE OPFOR by COL Charles B. Allen (4th Infantry Division), March-April 2002, Pages 19-22.  Discusses COE OPFOR (OPFOR integrated fires command post and OPFOR fire support), Blue Force TTP (artillery-based maneuver, employment of IBCT artillery and counterfire) and digital capabilities, including the use of AFATDS as a comprehensive tool for situational awareness and battle tracking during deep operations.

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4. FA Battalion Operations   Go Top

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   Paladin Platoon Operations versus Battery Operations by LTC Kerry J. Loudenslager and CPT Ryan J. LaPorte (Gunnery Department and NTC), January-February 2001, Pages 16-19.  Discusses the advantages of having the option to conduct platoon or battery operations and the limitations of Force XXI Paladin TOE resources for platoon operations.

 Digital and More Lethal—The 21st Century Battery by CPTs Shawn P. Reese, Dewey A. Moseley and Bernard Taylor (Paladin Firing Batteries of 4-42 FA, 4th Infantry Division), January-February 2001, Pages 13-15.  Describes the enhancements that the new Force XXI DS Paladin battery TOE and digital devices bring in terms of TTPs for BOC and FDC operations, battery operations orders, land management, situational awareness, logistical reporting and extended ranges for communications; however, the loss of one FDC in the TOE and manning challenges limit the battery’s ability to conduct platoon operations.

  On the Gun Line—Firing First Round FFE by MAJ David G. Johnson and CPT Christopher J. Bonheim (O/C, 8th FA Training Support Battalion), September-October 1998, Pages 39-41.  Is one massive list of mistakes units frequently make that is organized by the five requirements for accurate predicted fire and the actions to correct the mistakes in each requirement.

  Leader Checks on the Gun Line: Teaching New Dogs Old Tricks by CPT Michael J. Forsyth and SFCs Jeffery M. Hoppert and Kevin B. Loveland (JRTC), January-February 1999, Pages 30-33.  Reiterates the importance of habitual checks of the line of metal; it includes a sample priority of work listing with leader checks incorporated, a howitzer checklist and formulas to double check the gunner’s sight for an alternate aiming reference.  

  M198 Platoon Autonomy in Multinational Operations by CPT Jonathan E. Howerton (How Battery, 3d Squadron, 2d Armored Cavalry Regiment), September-October 1998, Pages 42-45.  Discusses supporting the Nordic-Polish Brigade in Bosnia in 1997: organization and C2, and tactics and operations (raid, presence missions, logistics and maintenance).  Includes topics for outline of battery’s four-day mission cycle, raid convoy and safety briefing, lessons learned about the five requirements for accurate predicted fire and logistical considerations for units deployed to isolated areas.

  The FDC-V: The Task Force XXI Platoon Operations Center by 1LT F. Michael Marty (4-42 FA, 4th Infantry Division), September-October 1997, Pages 36-37.  Discusses the conversion of an M992 FAASV chassis to an FDC/POC vehicle.

  MLRS Platoon Lanes: Battle-Focused Training by LTC L. Scott Lingamfelter (6-37 FA, 2d Infantry Division), March-April 1996, Pages 14-17.  Details of lane training design for the battalion, starting with the platoon, including the major tasks of the “Stay Hot, Shoot Fast” MLRS TTP.  Lanes include occupy a TAA, RSOP and delivery of fires, rearm and refuel with emphasis on force protection, including a risk assessment matrix.

Company-Battery-Troop Commander Website by CPT Peter G. Kilner (Website at USMA), January-February 2001, Page 29: www.companycommand.com.

  Master Gunnery Team: Training the Firing Battery by SFC Robert M. Castillo (2-320 FA, 101st Airborne Division), January-February 2001, Pages 30-32.  Discusses the duties of the Master Gunner 13B40, FCNCO 13V40 and the battalion communications chief 31U40 and how they team to train the battery.

  The Battery Commander’s OPORD by MAJ Tory A. Daugherty (CMTC), January-February 2001, Pages 20-23.  Discusses methods of presenting the battery OPORD and briefing the order in the standard five paragraph OPORD format.  Provides an example of a battery OPORD for a movement-to-contact.

  Troop Leading Procedures for the Battery Orders Process by CPTs Scott A. Westley and Thomas L. Kelly (NTC), June 1995, Pages 12-16.  Orders process follows eight TLP.

  The BOC—The Battery’s Command Post by CPTs C. James Ekvall and Richard M. Fenoli (JRTC), January-February 1998, Pages 37-39.  Discusses the role of the CP, equipment and manning, operations, communications, alternate FDC and training.

  The BOC at the NTC by SSG Robert M. Castillo (NTC), January-February 1998, Pages 40-41.  Discusses BOC operations, information it should track (personnel, logistics and the battle), BOC priority of work and training.

  Marine BOC on the Mechanized Battlefield by Capt Robert J. Terselic, USMC (MCAGCC), January-February 1998, Pages 42-43.  Discusses BOC missions, communications equipment, manning and operations.

 Ammunition Management in Battery Operations by MAJs Michael J. Forsyth and Troy A. Daughterty (FSCAOD), January-February 2001, Pages 34-35. Offers ways for battery commanders to improve their ammunition management: responsibilities of the various battery leaders and how to configure loads and maintain ammunition awareness in the fight.

Arctic Thunder at 60 Degrees Below by CPT Patrick J. Sweeney (4-9 FA, Alaska), February 1990, Pages 43-45.  Discusses obstacles to battery operations: leadership and stress, decreased efficiency, modified SOPs, fuel resupply and maintenance.  Discusses specific maintenance challenges and give solutions to those challenges.

  6400 Mil Operations: Timely Fires in All Directions by MAJ Michael J. Forsyth and SFCs Jeffrey M. Hoppert and Michael A. Jensen (JRTC), May-June 1999, Pages 34-37.  Outlines TTP for choosing a position area, preparing the gun positions, leader checks and rehearsals and tasks in the FDC.

  Through the Eyes of a 1SG: Battery (Light) Defense by CSM Edward Judie, Jr., (10th Mountain Division), March-April 1997, Page 3.  Letter-to-the-editor about 1SGs ensuring the battery is set up properly for the defense.

  Battery Defense in OOTW: How to Harden a Static Position by CPTs Julie L. Alvarez, Jr., and William N. Vockery (JRTC), October 1994, Pages 26-31.  Outlines hardening a static battery position in detail, including when to harden a position, planning for it and how to establish the position.

  Alternative MLRS Emplacement—1x3-Kilometer Formation by CPT William T. Harmon (A/21 FA, 1st Cavalry), March-April 1996, Page 4.  Letter-to-the-editor describes a smaller OPAREA because the space is not available for the 3x3-kilometer emplacement.  Latter was described by LTC John M. House (6-29 FA, 1st Armored Division) in a letter-to-the-editor “The Problem with the OPAREA,” October 1995, Pages 2-3.  Both letters provide diagrams of how the formations work.

  Fire Support Challenges in Contingency Operations by LTC Gregory E. Beach and COL Bruce A. Brant (JRTC), September-October 1997, Pages 19-23.  Outlines planning for initial entry operations (mission transition, logistics and loading aircraft), the battlefield (including fratricide) and firing operations (accurate predicted fires, registering, TA, the firebase and clearing targets).  Lists the fundamentals of reducing the risks of indirect fire fratricide in contingency operations.  Article applies to light and heavy forces.

  FA Battalion C2 in Albania and Kosovo by LTC Mark M. Hennes and 1LT Cory J. Delger (1-27 FA, 41st FA Brigade), January-February 2000, Pages 20-25.  Discusses MLRS fires for (1) Task Force Hawk in Albania, including delivery of missile fires, FOB, cannon/missile simultaneous C2, communications network for the FOB in Northern Albania and cannon TTP (linear battle drill, echelon battle drill, lazy W battle drill and force protection) and (2.) Task Force Falcon in Kosovo, including FA communications.

The Role and Mission of the FA in TF Falcon, Kosovo by LTC James M. Waring and MAJ Phillip Royce (1-7 FA, 1st Infantry Division), May-June 2000, Pages 22-26.  Discusses lessons in Operation Joint Guard and highlights illumination missions fired for the KFOR, including for the Russians.  Includes organization of TF Falcon, a graduated response matrix and clearance of fires procedures for TF Falcon.  

CMTC: Stability Operations Training by LTC Michael Hiemstra (CMTC), March-April 1996, Pages 20-21.  Outlines lessons learned: limited freedom of movement, the new threat and need for battery security and force protection plus reaffirmation of the importance of fire support and FA rehearsals.  Gives specific tips on how to counter the negative effects of the lessons.

  Evolving Tactics, Techniques and Doctrine for Fire Support in Peace Enforcement Operations by LTC Peter S. Corpac (Task Force 2-3 FA, 1st Armored Division, Bosnia-Herzogovina), July-August 1996, Pages 34-38.  Discusses organization for combat, counterfire operations, peace projection, the FA “presence mission,” fire support operations and staying focused.

  Red Devil Redlegs: Fire Support in Operation Just Cause by COL Robert S. Ballagh, Jr., and 1LT Robert A. Nabb (5-1 FA, 5th Infantry Division), October 1990, Pages 40-42.  Discusses fire support for Task Force 4-6 IN in Panama, including TF organization and mission, fire support observations (AC-130 training, FSO needs, targeting system in urban terrain, mortars in urban terrain, concrete-piercing fuzes, cannon artillery and the company FSO position) and doctrine/METT-T.

The FA Wargaming Synchronization Matrix by LTC Patrick J. Sweeney (4-11 FA, 172d Separate Infantry Brigade), March-April 1999, Pages 36-37.  Outlines TTP for wargaming artillery-oriented modifications to the COA, allowing FA units to more thoroughly synchronize fires and maneuver.  Includes steps in wargame process, an FA wargaming synchronization matrix and list of wargaming products.

Stop Selling Wolf Tickets—An Objective Way of Accomplishing EFATs by LTC Eric L. Ashworth (G3 Rear Plans, Eighth Army), May-June 2000, Pages 7-10.  Outlines the four steps in the battalion’s systematically analyzing the tasks and determining which subordinate units could meet each task to ensure all tasks can be accomplished.

  Preparation for Force Projection: The Intermediate Staging Base by LTC James T. Palmer and MAJ David L. Anderson (JRTC), April 1995, Pages 14-17.  Discusses the planning, preparation and execution phases that FA battalions deploying to an ISB must master.

  Deliberate Reorganization: Reconstituting the Force by COL M. Thomas Davis and CPT Steven A. Sliwa (4-82 FA, 42d FA Brigade), October 1994, Pages 36-39.  Procedures to recover from mass casualties when the battalion must restore combat power rapidly.

  Linear Sweep—Paladin Prep in Korea by LTC Thomas A. Kolditz and CPT John W. Kallo (2-17 FA, 2d Infantry Division), January-February 2000, Pages 26-29.  Discusses the revised/refined art of the artillery prep, including how to conduct a linear sweep and train the fire support system.

  Stay Hot, Shoot Fast: An Evolving Concept in MLRS Tactics by LTC L. Scott Lingamfelter and CPT Robert D. Kirby (6-37 FA, 2d Infantry Division), April 1995, Pages 18-21.  Discusses in detail keeping MLRS laid and ready on an expected enemy and the risks that are assumed.

  MLRS Needs Robust Liaison Section by CPT Daniel A. Ricketts (6-27 FA, 75th FA Brigade), March-April 1996, Page 3.  This letter-to-the-editor discusses the need for an LNO section when reinforcing the Marines in order to maintain continual communications and provide information on the capabilities of MLRS.

  The Battalion Fire Control NCO by SFC Robert M. Castillo (1st Armored Division), May-August 2002, Pages 22-24.  Discusses the duties and responsibilities of the FCNCO and his role in the MDMP.

 Ammunition Management is Everybody’s Business by MAJ Brent M. Parker and CPT Michael J. Philbin (NTC), January-February 2001, Pages 37-42. Outlines the responsibilities of the battalion XO, S3 and S4 in ensuring the ammunition portion of the battalion SOP is correct; in developing a UBL, ammunition haul plans and standard CCLs; in planning for ammunition during the MDMP; and in developing a CSS paragraph in the battalion OPORD that includes an ammo distribution plan. (Gives examples of a matrix for battlefield calculus of ammo, Page 39, and a matrix to track ammunition in the batteries and on flat racks, Page 41.)

 Revised Staff Duty Log—Managing Info for Battle Tracking by LTC Scott G. Wuesner (JRTC), January-February 2002, Pages 44-45. Outlines changes to DA Form 1594 Staff Duty Log used in the TOC or ALOC, making the duty officer more accurately record and disseminate verbally transmitted information to the right people in a timely manner, enhancing battle tracking.

  Seven Steps to Managing FSCMs by MAJ Patrick M. Manners (NTC), May-June 2000, Pages 43-45.  Discusses steps for the FA battalion S3, battalion/battery FDO or personnel in a battalion/brigade FSE to track FSCMs.

  How to Meet the Five Requirements for Accurate Predicted Fires (And What to Do If You Can’t) by CPT Christopher A. Patton (Fire Direction Branch, GD), September-October 1998, Pages 22-26.  Walks through the five requirements and best alternatives if a unit cannot meet some requirements.  Includes methods to determine direction, location and altitude without survey data; five steps to improving firing data; and the FDO’s decision-making chart to determine whether or not to register/best registration technique.

  Fast, Accurate Fires in the Close Fight by LTC David L. Anderson (JRTC), March-April 1996, Pages 42-43.  Describes fighting with fires techniques and battle drills: detailed planning, fire movement techniques, action-on-contact battle drill and home-station training.

  Fire Support Battle Command: The Dual Role of the DS Battalion Commander by COL Richard P. Formica (3d Infantry Division), September-October 1998, Pages 18-21.  Discusses the duties and responsibilities of the FA battalion commander who is also the brigade FSCOORD before, during and after the fight.  Includes the FSCOORD’s Top Ten—a checklist that identifies each of the EFSTs and EFATs and the battalion field grade officer responsible for planning and executing them.

  TOC Counterfire Battle Drill by CPT Robert D. Kirby and CW3 Robert A. Nelson, Jr., (NTC), January-February 1998, Pages 32-36.  Discusses an FA battalion (DS or R) TOC counterfire battle drill within the context of the targeting process from planning through execution.

  Battalion TOC Certification by LTC James L. Davis and MAJ Kirk M. Nielsen (III Armored Corps Artillery), September-October 1998, Page 17.  Briefly outlines training for key TOC leaders and special training for battalion S2s.

View from TOC Wadi by MAJ Mark E. Wilcomb (S3 Combat Trainer, NTC), October 1992, Page 42.  Discusses the METL, duties of the S3, configuration of the TOC, TOC procedures and information management requirements on the FA battalion S3.

 The Role of the Reinforcing Battalion by LTC Gregory Kraak and MAJ Dewey a Granger (6-32 FA, MLRS, 212th FA Brigade), January-February 2002, Pages 18-20.  Discusses the role of the reinforcing battalion and the R battalion commander plus TTPs for developing a single or joint FASP and controlling the DS radar section.

  The Role of the GS FA Battalion Targeting Officer by CW3 Harold A. Thacker, Jr., and CW2 Robert S. Fortenbaugh (NTC and 212th FA Brigade), May-June 2001, Pages 38-39.  Describes the GS targeting officer’s role in GS, DS, R, GSR and nonstandard tactical missions.

Un-Masking the Q-36 Mask Angle: Finding Mortars in the Woods by CPT Scott M. Ransom and LTC Frank J. Grand III (GD), January-February 1999, Pages 34-37.  Describes how to position the radar to increase its chances of finding mortars in wooded terrain and addresses mortar detection calculations.

  Leading the Radar Section in Battle—What “Right” Looks Like by CW3 Harold A. Thacker, Jr., (NTC), September-October 2000, Pages 38-41.  Outlines the radar section leader’s activities in the MDMP during a movement-to-contact.

  Counterfire Operations for Task Force XXI by CPT Christopher P. Taylor (4th Infantry Division), September-October 1997, Pages 34-35.  Discusses proactive and reactive counterfire techniques used at the NTC due to improved RSTA coupled with the Q-36 radar.

  TPP for Winning the Counterfire Fight by CW2 Keith A. Derrick and CPT Davis L. Butler (2-82 FA, 1st Cavalry), January-February 1996, Pages 14-17.  For the DS or GS FA battalion S2, discusses personnel responsibilities; radar positioning; wargaming; radar zone management, movement and cueing; and rehearsing and executing the counterfire fight.  Includes considerations for positioning radars and a checklist for planning counterfire during wargaming.

  Red Rain—Counterfire Operations in Bosnia-Herzogovina by CPTs Brian A. Hodges and Jay W. Hallam and MAJ Brian T. Camperson (Task Force 2-3 FA, 1st Armored Division), September-October 1996, Pages 33-35.  Gives details of the steps in processing counterfire missions, including analyzing/verifying/clearing the target, assessing BDA and documenting the decision to fire the target.  Includes a counterfire processing decision matrix.

  Removing the Unknown from Counterfire BDA—A 90 Percent Solution by MAJ Raymond C. Hodgkins (10th Mountain Division), March-April 1997, Pages 11-13.  Discusses the development and validation of a BDA model that was an accurate enough estimation of the enemy’s indirect fire systems for the commander to make counterfire decisions.

  Artillerizing PIRs by MAJ Johnny Cook, MI, and CPT Kirk D. Steege, MI, (NTC), May-June 2001, Pages 17-19.  Discusses TTP for the FA battalion staff to determine artillery PIRs, especially force protection PIRs in both defensive and offensive operations.

Artillery S2’s Intelligent Preparation of the Battlefield by CPT Ralph A. Patelli, MI, (NTC), January-February 1996, Pages 34-38.  Discusses pre-deployment preparations, the IPB process and the IPB facilitating COA development.

  The Artillery S2—Passing the Commander’s “So What?” Test by CPT Ralph Patelli, MI, (NTC), January-February 1996, Pages 38-41.  Outlines how to prepare an enemy critical events template, helping to predict what the enemy will do with enough lead time to be proactive.

The Artillery S2 and Interpretive Counterfire BDA by MAJ John E. Della-Giustina, MI (3d Armored Cavalry Regiment), January-February 1998, Pages 28-30.  Describes how a DS FA battalion (or division artillery) S2 determines BDA from reactive counterfire using Firefinder radar acquisitions  and fire mission logs (BDA interpreted from data, not from observed damage) and fuses intelligence information to report enemy artillery concentrations on the battlefield.

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5. FO/FIST and FSO   Go Top

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  Triggers—A Lost Art by SFC Kenneth H. Lambert (NTC), January-February 2002, Pages 22-23.  Gives TTP for executing technical and tactical triggers.

  Rakkasan’s COLT Sergeant Tim Andrews—Hero of the JRTC by MAJ Richard Wise and 1LT Hans-Jorg Dochtermann (3-320 FA, 101st Airborne Division), January-February 1999, Pages 28-29.  Tells the story of the COLT doing its job—executed a simple plan, achieved the commander’s intent and were instrumental in defeating the enemy—telling what “right” looks like.

Light COLT Platoon: Improving the Effectiveness of Brigade Deep Operations by COL Raymond T. Odierno, MAJ James L. Watson, Jr., and 1LT Scott S. Marhold (1st Cavalry Division), January-February 1997, Pages 16-19.  Discusses modifications to traditional COLT organization and training to enhance COLT combat readiness and describes COLT operations at the NTC and as part of a joint counterdrug border patrol task force.  Includes lists of COLT tasks, COLT training strategy and individual and team tasks in support of the joint border patrol task force.

  FIST Training—Tropic Lightning Style by MAJ Joseph P. Nizolak, Jr., (25th Infantry Division), October 1992, Pages 50-53.  Describes the FIST Battle Run in detail, training that develops fire support and leadership skills.

Reversing a Negative Trend: The M981 FIST-V on Deadline by SSG Leslie W. Ketchum (NTC), May-August 2002, Page 15.  Discusses ways to keep the FIST-Vs running, including changing its maintenance report system to give it visibility at higher maintenance levels.

  FIST-V Employment by 1LT Brent M. Parker (5th Infantry Division), June 1992, Pages 6-7.  Discusses three employment options for the FIST-V in FM 6-30 Observed Fire Procedures and the advantages of a fourth option: attached to the battalion task force headquarters under the control of the battalion FSO.

SLoCTOP: The FIST-V Crew Drill by MAJ Richard T. Lambert II and 1LT Robert R. Jankowski (5th Infantry Division), June 1992, Pages 28-31.  Introduces the security, location, communications, targeting head, observation and position improvement (SLoCTOP) battle drill for the FIST-V.

  The FO and His PLGR in the Close Fight by LTC Joseph F. Napoli and SFC Sean E. Harris (JRTC), May-June 1997, Pages 24-26.  Discusses employing the PLGR (actions on contact and planned targets) and PLGR home-station training.

Attacking a Moving Target by CPT Luther F. Shealy (FSCAOD), October 1992, Pages 24-25.  Discusses that the procedures in FM 6-30 Observed Fire Procedures are sound, but the techniques used to train those procedures need improvements, which he outlines

NTC: Fire Support Trends by LTC Marcus G. Dudley (NTC), March-April 1996, Pages 22-23.  Outlines specific steps in observer planning and discusses live-fire incidents at the NTC and how to avoid them.

  FSO Handbook Online by Maj Alvin W. Peterson, USMC (FSCAOD), September-October 2001, Page 4.  Describes ST 6-20-20 TF Fire Support TTP that is online at sill-www.army.mil/faccc/.

Battle Calculus and Fire Support Planning by MAJ Thomas L. Kelly (NTC), March-April 1997, Pages 34-36.  Outlines a step-by-step process of battle calculus for the FSO: translate the commander’s guidance into a quantifiable effect, equate the effects to the required ammunition, determine the minutes available for attack, determine if the ammunition can be delivered in the time available, determine the maximum volleys that can be fired on the moving formation at one target location, determine the number of attacks (battalion-three volleys) needed to deliver the required ammunition, and determine if time and space are available to execute the required attacks.  Includes a checklist of fire support factors for battle calculus that should be in the FSO’s “smart book.”

  The Hasty Fire Plan by COL Joseph P. Monko, Jr., (Chief of Staff, Fort Sill), April 1990, Pages 48-50.  Outlines information needed for a fill-in-the-blank hasty fire plan format in notebook size.  Give six figures for notebook pages. 

  Fires in Support of Obstacles: Matching the Fires Intent with the Obstacle Intent by MAJ Roberto L. Vazquez (FSCAOD), September-October 1998, Pages 28-32.  Walks planning (task, purpose, method and effect) for fires when the intent of the obstacle is to disrupt the enemy, turn the enemy, delay or fix the enemy or block the enemy.

  A Technique for Employing CAS by CPT Samuel R., White, Jr., (NTC), September-October 1995, Pages 22-24.  Outlines steps for the brigade to employ CAS, including graphically displaying a CAS target box.

The Lost Art of Controlling AC-130 Gunships by MAJ Scott G. Wuestner (Special Operations Command), May-June 1997, Pages 42-44.  Outlines TTP not covered in Joint Pub 3-09.3 Joint TTP for CAS (J-CAS): AC-130 CFF with five lines of information, crew procedures and the use of gated light illuminator night television (GLINT).  It walks through a reconnaissance mission using GLINT.

Risk Estimate Distances for Indirect Fires in Combat by MAJ Gerard Pokorski and Lonnie R. Minton (101st Airborne Division) March-April 1997, Pages 8-10.  Discusses the difference between REDs and MSDs and presents a table of the former so commanders can determine the level of risk they are willing to assume.  “Three Letters: Risk Estimate Distances” three letters-to-the-editor in response to “Risk Estimate Distances for Indirect Fire in Combat,” September-October 1997, Pages 2-3.

  Fundamental Errors in Fire Coordination Graphics by MAJ Thomas A. Kolditz and COL Neil E. Nelson (101st Airborne Division), April 1995, Pages 43-45.  Discusses insufficient coordination space, mal-assigned coordination space, key feature disadvantage, unclear order sequence, inaccurate posting techniques and excessive complexity.

  “So, FSO, did we integrate our mortars effectively?” by SFC Russell W. Scott (NTC), May-August 2002, Pages 25-26.  Discusses how to ensure mortars are integrated in the scheme of maneuver as fire support assets: command relationships, integration into the MDMP and home-station training.

“Owning” the Weather—Improving FA Accuracy by Richard J. Szymber and MAJ(R) Odell M. Johnson, USAF (Battlefield Environmental Directorate, Army Research Lab), July-August 1996, Pages 16-18.  Discusses using the mobile profiler system (MPS), complementary computer-assisted meteorology (CAAM) software to help FA units process and disseminate Met data.

Planning and Computing FASCAM by Maj David A. Vindich, USMC, (FSCAOD), January-February 1998, Pages 24-26.  Discusses the tactical considerations for employing FASCAM and procedures to compute FASCAM firing data.

  Copperhead Strike by Capt Samuel C. Cook, USMC (GD), January-February 1998, Pages 44-45.  Describes the projectile, gunnery solution, munition planning and C2.

  FASCAM—an “UNconventional” Munition? By CPT William B. Hight and LTC Frank J. Grand III (10th Mountain Division), January-February 1998, Page 27.  Discusses FASCAM advantages and unconventional use against known enemy defenses to deter prohibit enemy defensive position improvements, conduct resupply operations or evacuate the area.

  Artillery TTP for the Danger-Close Fight: LID in the Movement-to-Objective and Initial Contact by CPT David D. Hollands (7th Infantry Division), February 1993, Pages 36-38 .  Outlines TTP for light infantry division FISTs to establish priority targets, shift priority targets during movement and conduct the initial CFF and adjustment procedures.

  Artillery TTP for the Danger-Close Fight: LID in the Attack by CPT David D. Hollands (7th Infantry Division), April 1993, Pages 51-53.  Discusses planning for observation, preparatory fires, blocking fires and transition to the defense.

  Artillery TTP for the Danger-Close Fight: Preventing Fratricide in the LID by CPT David D. Hollands (7th Infantry Division), June 1993, Pages 44-45.  Outlines techniques FOs and FISTs can use to reduce risks to friendly troops during danger-close missions.

  The Company FSO/FSNCO—To Brief But Not Too Brief by SFC Stephen D. McCane (NTC), January-February 2002, Pages 24-25.  Outlines techniques to ensure easy understanding of the fire support plan and synchronize fires with the company maneuver plan during the fire support briefing.

The Company FSO TLP and Briefing—Making Fires Happen in the Close Fight by MAJ Terry A. Ivester (FSCAOD), May-June 2000, Pages 36-39.  Describes the duties and responsibilities of the company FSO using eight troop-leading procedures and provides a company FSO briefing format.

 TLP for Light Company Fire Support Planning for the Defense by SFC Jeffrey A. Mubarak (JRTC), March-April 2001, Pages 31-35. Provides techniques for incorporating priorities of work into nine TLP to manage the limited time available to prepare for the company defense.  Also provides a checklist to help units develop an SOP for the company defense (Page 32).

  The FSNCO: Fire Support for an EA by SFC Jack A. McCann, Jr., (NTC), September-October 1998, Pages 34-38.  Outlines TTP for the company and task force FSNCOs.  Includes company/task force tasks for the defensive mission and examples of priority of work.

 Company Fire Support Matrix—Getting it Right at the First Line of the Fight by SFC Sean E. Harris (JRTC), May-June 1997, Pages 17-20.  Gives an example of the matrix and walks through it to explain the various sections.

So…Where on the Battlefield Should the Company FSO Be? By MAJ C. James Ekvall (FSCAOD), September-October 1998, Page 33.  Discusses three factors that determine where the FSO should be: communications, battalion/task force fire support plan and where he won’t be embroiled in unrelated combat activities.

  Fire Support Challenges in Arctic Operations by CPT Thomas J. Weiss II (4-11 FA, 172d Separate Infantry Brigade, Alaska), January- February 1999, Pages 9-11.  Discusses the FSO’s leadership challenges in surviving and maintaining equipment readiness and ammunition effectiveness.

Suppressing the Objective: Echeloning Fires in the Attack by MAJ Michael J. Forsyth (JRTC), May-June 2000, Pages 40-42.  Discusses planning, preparation and execution of echeloned fires in the deliberate or hasty attack, including REDs and MSDs.

  Company CALFEX: A Critical Fire Support Synchronization Exercise by CPT Kevin M. Felix (82d Airborne Division), April 1994, Page 38.  Discusses planning, preparation and rehearsals to synchronize and echelon live fires and maneuver in a company CALFEX.

  Echeloning Fires by LTC Theodore S. Russell, Jr., and CPT Gregory S. Wilcox (10th Mountain Division), March-April 1997, Pages 24-27.  Discusses echeloning fires for a task force mission to conduct a raid on an airfield held by enemy forces, including support for reconnaissance, air assault, movement-to-the-objective and assault on the objective. Discusses the echelon requirements, preparation schedule and phase lines as MSD control measures.

  The Battalion/Task Force FSNCO and the MDMP by SFC Edward J. Zachery (NTC), May-June 2000, Pages 16-17.  Discusses the criticality of the FSNCO’s being involved in the MDMP.

  Time-Space Relationships: The TF FSO and the Movement-to-Contact by MAJ Boyd D. Gaines (FSCAOD), October 1992, Page 28-32.  Outlines FSO steps in planning for and rehearsing fires for a movement-to-contact.

 Synchronizing the Close Assault: The TF FSO and the Deliberate Attack by MAJ Boyd D. Gaines, October 1994, Pages 15-18.  TTP to plan, prepare for and execute the deliberate attack against a dug-in motorized rifle company.

Fire Support Training in the CCTT by LTC Ernest J. Herold III, MAJ Mickey A. Sanzotta and CPT Thomas W. Everritt (1-10 FA, 3d Infantry Division), September-October 2000, Pages 42-45.  Gives an overview of the CCTT facility, discusses designs and workarounds for a task force fire support exercise and outlines the lessons learned during planning and execution of the exercise.

  Fire Support Planning for Brigade and Below by MAJ David A. Lee and COL John A. Yingling (FSCAOD), March-April 1999, Pages 15-19.  Discusses the inputs and outputs of the steps in the MDMP and fire support planning, including EFSTs and EFATs.  The letter to the editor “‘Fire Support Planning for Brigade and Below’ White Paper” by LTC Brian T. Boyle (NATO Rapid Reaction Corps), May-June 2000, Page 2, suggests some improvements to the original paper.

  Protecting SF Teams in the Deep Fight by CPT Kevin M. Donovan, SF (Battle Lab), March-April 1998, Pages 30-31.  Discusses joint special operations areas (JSOAs), clearing fires in JSOAs and the testing of the SOF Grenadier Brat, a digital beyond-line-of-sight visualization reporting and targeting system that leverages national, theater and tactical systems and removes the burden of voice reporting.

  Defensive Fires for the Light Force Brigade Rear by MAJ Joseph M. Irby (JRTC), January-February 1999, Pages 43-45.  Outlines TTP that static units in rear areas can use to integrate all types of fires into their base defenses, specifically the brigade support area and forward support battalion.

  Deep Strike MLRS DS to the Light Division Aviation Brigade by CPT Shannon D. Beebe (101st Airborne Division), March-April 1998, Pages 36-37.  Discusses the concept, aviation and artillery linkage and the procedures.

  Fire Support for the Nordic-Polish Brigade—An Interoperability Lesson for the Future by CPT Harold M. Knudsen (Nordic-Polish Brigade FSE in Bosnia-Herzegovina), May-June 1997, Pages 8-11.  During Operation Joint Endeavor, discusses unique organizations (brigade FSE, forward CP, COLTs and FISTs) and multinational operations (platoon ops, integration of the battery into the allied brigade, radar support, multinational C3, brigade FSE as aviation liaison, multinational training and language challenges).

  Exploiting the Effects of Fires: Synchronized Targeting and Execution by COL David C. Ralston and CPT Rodney L. Lusher (3d Infantry Division), January-February 1996, Pages 30-31.  Discusses brigade plan to synchronize targets (target meets the commander’s intent, has six essential elements and is integrated into the overall battle) and train maneuver shooters.  Includes a maneuver shooters’ communications net with primary and alternate options.

Scheme of Fires Matrix and the PLOT-CR: Tools for Integrating Brigade Fires by SFCs Kenneth A. Bowers and Jeffrey G. Hodges (NTC), May-June 1997, Pages 33-35.  Explains and gives an example of the matrix and discusses the FIST mnemonic of PLOT-CR: purpose, location, observer, trigger, communications net and rehearsal.

  The Fires Planning Process (FSCAOD), March-April 1997, Pages 22-23.  A two-page diagram of the brigade/regiment’s MDMP and the linked fire planning and fire support products from the brigade FSE and DS battalion.  The process goes from receipt of the mission to assessing BDA.  Across the bottom, the decide, deliver, detect, deliver and assess (D3A) targeting methodology runs parallel with the MDMP.

  A Day in the Life of a Brigade FSO at the NTC by LTC Frank J. Siltman and CPT Keith A. Casey (NTC), May-June 2000, Pages 11-15.  Discusses the FSO during MDMP, providing a checklist and graphical visualization plus matrix of the brigade scheme of fires.

  Developing the Brigade Scheme of Fire Support by CPT Samuel R. White, Jr., (NTC), September-October 1995, Pages 32-35.  Discusses developing the scheme with triggers and branches with decisions points from the DSM/DST outline the options available to a commander in choosing to execute a branch plan.

  TTP for Clearing Brigade Fires by MAJ Samuel R. White, Jr., (NTC), January-February 1996, Pages 32-33.  Discusses maneuver control measures, FSCMs, pre-clearance and a clearance of fires battle drill.

  Integrating Fire Support into Devil Brigade Training by COL Red D. Robinson, Jr., AR, and MAJ Daniel R. Roper (1st Infantry Division), September-October 1998, Pages 5-7.  Discusses how armor, infantry and FA training are conducted simultaneously but separately from individual through battery-level STXs and then culminates with a task force STX.  Fire support training covers maneuver shooters, mortars, brigade air operations, and COLT and CSS operations.

  Integrating Fires into the Brigade Battle Plan by LTC Arthur M. Bartell, MAJ Glen W. Harp and SFC Phillip P. Serrano (JRTC), September-October 1998, Pages 8-11.  Outlines the brigade fire support planning process, including analyzing the fire support mission, developing a concept of fires based on the commander’s guidance, and developing an HPTL and FSEM.

  Deliberate NFA Sizing for Combat by Rodney L. Lusher (FSCAOD), March-April 1999, Pages 41-45.  Proposes a sizing methodology for NFAs to keep them from becoming too large, including discussions of MSDs and REDs.

  Integrating Army Aviation into the Brigade Targeting Process by CPT Gregory P. Fenton and MAJ Frank R. Baum, Jr., AV (JRTC), May-June 1996, Pages 14-16.  Walks through the D3A targeting methodology outline how to integrate Army aviation into the process.

  Fires for Attack Helicopter Operations by CPT Michael J. Forsyth (101st Airborne Division), May-June 1996, Pages 26-30.  Discusses fire planning and execution for Apache deep attacks, during the conduct of air assault security and search and attack.

  Planning Fire Support for Attack Helicopters by CPT Richard S. Richardson (NTC), May-June 1996, Pages 31-35.  Walks through the MDMP with tips for FSOs.  Gives list of attack helicopter fire support considerations, quick decision-making matrix when planning time is limited, sample concept of fires, FSO’s targeting team checklist for EA development, sample scheme of fires and fire support planning checklist.

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6. Division, Corps and Above   Go Top

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  Attack Aviation for the Close Fight: A New Approach by MAJ Brooke H. Janney (former Aviation Bde FSO, 3d IN Div), Jan-Feb 2003, Pages 10-13. With the introduction of the AH-64D Longbow Apache attack helicopter, the employment of divisional aviation has expanded to emphasize the AH-64D in the close fight alongside BCTs. Describes the AH-64D capabilities; challenges of airspace management; fire support for attack aviation in the close fight, including the worldwide increase of ADA systems and requirements for SEAD missions; and issues ahead, such as the reduction of the number of attack aircraft in the transformed Army aviation of the Objective Force.

 Paving the Way for Air Maneuver: Defeating the COE OPFOR Air Defenses by MAJ Brooke H. Janney (former Aviation Bde FSO, 3d IN Div), Jan-Feb 2003, Pages 14-21. Describes the BCTP COE OPFOR organization/equipment, highlighting the increase in the numbers of ADA systems and increase in their quality with integrated radar support or radars on board and increased ranges and mobility. Tells how to exploit COE ADA OPFOR vulnerabilities and the increased demands for/challenges in executing a SEAD campaign to support AH-64 Longbow Apache helicopter attacks. Includes an example of a SEAD campaign execution matrix.

 Artillery Fires in Support of Aviation in the Close Attack by LTC Richard S. Richardson (DFSCOORD, 4th IN Div), Jan-Feb 2003, Pages 22-24. The introduction of the AH-64D Longbow Apache helicopter has resulted in the “reemergence” of attack helicopters employed in close proximity to ground maneuver forces. Discusses command and control options for aviation forces and how to plan and execute fire support for close attack aviation, including which FSE in the division will plan the fires, which artillery assets will provide SEAD, what the fire support request chain will be and how to clear the fires. Provides a list of considerations for fire support for Army aviation in the close attack and an example scenario showing command and control, fire planning, call-for-fire options, and target clearance for an AH-64D company and Kiowa Warrior troop OPCON to a BCT.

  Fires in Kosovo—Relevance in Peace Support Operations by LTC Kevin P. Stramara and MAJs Michael W. Griffith and Patrick M. Antonietti (1-6 FA, 1st Infantry Division), March-April 2001, Pages 38-41.  Discusses why fires were used in Kosovo, the illuminations rounds that were fired, clearance of fires TTP, the coordination of fires and nonlethal effects and battery security.

  Integrating Targeting and Information Operations in Bosnia by LTC Steven Curtis, IN, CPT Robert A. B. Curris and MAJ(R) Marc J. Romanych, AD, (1st Armored Division, SFOR-2), July-August 1998, Pages 31-36.  Outlines TTP for targeting in Bosnia and IO for peace operations, including and integrated HPTL, AGM and list of IO targeting effects.

  Nonlethal Targeting Revisited—The Kosovo Experience by CW2 Richard L. Gonzales and MAJ(R) Marc J. Romanych, AD, (1st Armored Division), May-June 2001, Pages 6-10.  Discusses the operational framework of Task Force Falcon, targeting cycle and targeting products.

  Information Operations in Bosnia by CPT Timothy D. LaBahn (3d Infantry Division), November-December 2001, Pages 28-33.  Discusses IO organization and how activities in the division TF were planned, executed and assessed in SFOR 9.

  Fire Support in Bosnia-Herzegovina: An Overview by COL Mark T. Kimmit (1st Armored Division), July-August 1998, Pages 28-30.  Discusses observations about providing fire support for Task Force Eagle in SFOR-2: heavy artillery presence, Firefinder protection, active-ARNG integration, training and fire support.

  Task Force Eagle in Operation Joint Endeavor—Lessons Learned in Peace Enforcing, an interview with MG William L. Nash (CG of 1st Armored Division and Task Force Eagle), January-February 1997, Pages 5-8.  In the first year NATO forces went into Bosnia (1996), discusses the joint military commission (JMC) and its role, his nonlethal problem-solving procedures for conflicting factions and the division’s organization for combat coming into Bosnia and changes since.

  Peace Enforcing: Never Let Them See You Sweat, an interview with COL Gregory Fontenot (Commander of 3d BCT, 1st Armored Division), January-February 1997, Pages 9-10.  As first BCT to cross the Sava River into Bosnia in 1996, describes crossing the river, the details of joint military commission (JMC) operations, and his operations and organization of his DS FA battalion into a mini-division artillery (adding a Met section, TA battery and MLRS platoon).

Bayonet Artillery in Operation Just Cause by COL Joseph E. DeFrancisco (7th Infantry Division), June 1990, Pages 6-11.  Discusses the role of the division artillery in operations in Panama, including force deployment, pacification and stability operations, decentralized C2, low-intensity conflict lessons learned (METL, fires and fire support coordination) and training.

  Proactive Fires: Leveraging Technology to Defeat Artillery High-Payoff Targets by COL Alan D. Johnson and LTCs Charles J. Berlin III, MI, and Stuart G. McLennan III (4th Infantry Division), April 1995, Pages 38-42.  Discusses division TTP to provide proactive vice reactive fires against a robust enemy artillery that can outrange our artillery systems, for example, the North Korean artillery.

· The Role of the Div Arty S2 by CPT Daniel S. Burgess, MI (S2, 4th Infantry Division Artillery), January-February 1997, Pages 28-30.  Discusses tracking and assessing the enemy artillery and keeping the Q-37s in the counterfire fight.  Includes a BDA spreadsheet, common sensor boundaries (CSBs) for the corps and division radars and cueing guidelines.

  FAIO’s Steps in Killing a Target by MAJ J.C. Pollman (10th Mountain Division FSE), March-April 1997, Page 12.  Outlines the steps the FAIO at the division main CP takes from the time a target is acquired until after the round is fired and he has the BDA information.

  Massing Combat Effects: 1st Cav Fire Support TTP by MG Leon J. LaPorte and COL Raymond T. Odierno, September-October 1996, Pages 6-11.  Discusses METT-T and its impact on fires, the counterfire fight (proactive and reactive), artillery raids, use of the penetration box (established at intended point of penetration to focus all fires assets) and Red Team Rain (massing of all indirect fire assets to deny the enemy lucrative targets and maintain the momentum).

  The Div Arty’s Role in the Division as an ARFOR (or Why Captains Need to Understand the Operational Art) by LTC Dennis M. Murphy and MAJ Robert G. Bledsoe, USAF (BCTP), July-August 1996, Pages 6-9.  Talks to captains and the role they might play in the ARFOR (division) FSE, targeting process and interfacing with the JFACC for CAS.

  Today’s Air Tasking Order by LTC J. Alleyne Carter, USAF (LNO, FA School), May-June 1996, Pages 5-9.  Outlines the role of the JAOC, ATO process and the flexibility of the ATO process via procedures and technology.

Air Power’s Battlespace by LTC Ricky R. Ales, USAF (A-10 Warthog pilot), May-June 1996, Pages 10-13.  Discusses that employing air power is the Air Force’s job, what air power battlespace is, how to exploit air power and what impact it has on fire support planning.

  ATO Teams Connectivity for the Deep Fight by COL Mark A. Graham, LTC Chris A. Hood, ARNG, and MAJ Robert Bettencourt III, ARNG (40th Infantry Division, CAARNG), January-February 2000, Pages 30-34.  As the ARFOR in an exercise, the Div Arty revised the DOCC, making it an operational fires element (OFE) and developed an ATO team as part of the OFE that took the commander’s vision of and intent for deep operations and designed a plan.  Includes full explanation of the ATO cycle with diagrams and the candidate target list and graphics with an operational fire focus the ATO team developed.

  TA in Sarajevo—Multinational and Terrain Challenges of Operation Joint Endeavor by CPT John H. Campbell, KSARNG (E/161 FA, 35th Infantry Division Artillery), January-February 1997, Pages 11-14.  Discusses ARNG training for the Q-36 Firefinder mission in Bosnia, the threat and lessons learned (training, multinational lines of communications, positioning the radar in mountainous urban terrain, multiple acquisitions and maintenance of the radar.

  TA Success and Challenges in Bosnia by 2LT Richard J. Brunner (C/333 FA, 2-3 FA, 1st Armored Division), May-June 1996, Pages 2-3.  Letter-to-the-editor outlines counterfire challenges: restrictions on positioning radars, false acquisitions, impact predict feature, logistics, IFSAS operations, radar zones not useful and continuous operations.

  Maintaining the Q-37 Radar in Bosnia by SSG William J. Parker (C/333 TAB), January-February 1997, Page 2.  Letter to the editor outlining tips on how to prevent faults before they occur and other maintenance tricks.

  Firefinder Radars: Eliminating Unwanted Targets in Low-Intensity Conflict by SFC Scott E. Rogers (25th FAB, 1st Armored Division), January-February 1998, Pages 12-14.  Outlines a target processing battle drill used in Bosnia to determine the credibility of radar acquisitions.

  Air Assaulting the Q-37 by CPT Steven M. Carroll, CW2(R) Kenneth J. Roberts and CW2 David R. Utter (25th Infantry Division), January-February 1998, Pages 16-18.  Discusses how to rig the radar for air assault, prepare the pickup zone, emplace the radar in the landing zone, select and prepare the landing zone and conduct continuous operations from the position.

  Protecting the Q-37 Firefinder CPT Steven M. Carroll, CW2(R) Kenneth J. Roberts and CW2 David R. Utter (25th Infantry Division), January-February 1998, Pages 19-23.  Discusses the tactical and logistical requirements for deploying, emplacing and hardening a radar section in coordination with joint and combined arms units at a site subject to aggressive enemy reconnaissance and infiltration.  Includes a checklist for coordinating with combined arms assets and a template for division artillery TOC planning.

  Radar Section TLP and RSOP TTP by CW3 Donald F. Cooper (TA Division, FSCAOD), January-February 1997, Pages 34-36.  Discusses two shortfalls detected during Operation Joint Endeavor in Bosnia: guidelines for radar section leader’s TLP and radar TTP with technical and tactical considerations for radar positioning.

  RS2: Radar Survivability and Synchronization for the 82d Airborne Division BCTP by WO1 John A. Robinson, January-February 1997, Pages 37-39. Discusses protecting the radars with a force-protection package and TTP during the fight plus synchronizing radar coverage, including a Firefinder failure mode analysis chart to help the counterfire officer synchronize radar coverage with the battlefield situation (as radars go down for periodic maintenance).

TA Tactics in the 34th ID by CPT Gregory R. Mader, MNARNG (E/151 FAB). January-February 1996, Page 45.  During a BCTP, developed a schedule for decentralized, scheduled and TOC-driven cueing to make the events on the battlefield drive cueing.

DOCC: Sustaining Corps Deep Operations Proficiency by LTG Leon J. LaPorte, BG Guy M. Bourn, COL James C. Boozer, Sr., and LTC Colonel David A. Schneider (III Corps), May-June 2001, Pages 11-16.  Discusses how to determine a corps battle rhythm for deep operations, the organization and TTP for the DOCC, and the automation and technology the DOCC needs to be most effective.

  The Counterfire Battle in the DAWE by COL Bruce A. Brant (214th FA Brigade Counterfire Headquarters), May-June 1998, Pages 28-32.  Discusses the OPFOR and counterfire fight, including a counterfire battle drill used during the 4th Infantry Division Advanced Warfighting Experiment (DAWE).

 V Corps FECC by LTC Roy E. Perkins (V Corps DFSCOORD), September-October 2001, Pages 15-20.  Explains why V Corps implemented an FECC, how it’s organized and manned (including the Strike CP), what its functions are and what challenges the corps encountered transitioning from a DOCC to an FECC.

  The MEF’s Force Artillery by CW3 Quint D Avenetti, USMC (FSCAOD), September-October 2001, Pages 43-45.  Outlines the doctrinal shift of operations for the MEF artillery, giving the organization, responsibilities and TTP of the force artillery (14th Marines).

  Fixing Fire Support in the GCE: A MAGTF Commander’s Perspective by MG Robert R. Blackman (2d Marine Division), March-April 2001, Pages 25-30.  Provides a primer on what a MAGTF is and does and how to fix its fire support: get more than one FA system (M198), establish a firing system triad of the expeditionary fire support system (EFSS), M777 lightweight howitzer with towed artillery digitization and HIMARS plus other improvements.

  Lessons Learned from Operation Allied Force in Kosovo by LTC Robert S. Bridgford, MAJ Neil S. Hersey, AV, and LTC James E. Varner (USAREUR BCE), January-February 2000, Pages 10-13.  Discusses lessons learned in planning Operation Allied Force for the invasion of Kosovo, including in the categories of intelligence support, security classifications, ASAS, UAVs, ATACMS airspace, Firefinder radars and ATO flexibility.

  BCD Targeting for Operation Allied Force by LTC Robert S. Bridgford and MAJ Luke G. Grossman, USAF (USAREUR BCE), January-February 2000, Pages 14-19.  Discusses BCE targeting support and challenges in Kosovo during three phases: targeting fixed sites, attacking Serbian mobile forces and targeting for Task Force Hawk.  Topics include fixed and mobile targets, the CAOC’s organization and operations, the flex targeting cell, Kosovo engagement zone operations and a flexible targeting process (see diagram on Page 18 for the latter).

  Combined Operations and the BCD by COL Bruce A. Brant (Commander of the BCD in Osan, Korea), March-April 1998, Pages 17-21.  Outlines the BCD mission, organization, digitization and cultural challenges.

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7. Foreign Artilleries   Go Top

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  Pharaoh’s Battery by CPT Laurence E. Wilson (FLARNG), January-February 2000, Page 35.  Briefly describes the Egyptian battery, including equipment, technical computation techniques and observed fire operations.

  Israeli Artillery Tactics and Weapons—Lessons Learned in Combat by BG Arie Mizarachi (Israeli Defense Force), February 1990, Pages 7-10.  Discusses lesson learned in the1982 Lebanon War and 1974 War of Attrition in the Golan Heights against the Syrians and the 1973 Yom Kippur War in the Golan Heights against Syria

  Ukraine’s Shield of Fire by General-Major Volodimir I. Tereshchenko (Deputy Commander of the Army and Commander of Rocket Forces and Artillery, Ukrainian Armed Forces), March-April 1998, Pages 5-7.  Describes the history of Ukrainian artillery, the country of Ukraine and the artillery equipment and training.

  Bosnian Artillery American Style by COL(R) Christopher C. Shoemaker (MPRI under contract with Bosnia-Herzogovina), March-April 1998, Pages 8-10.  Describes organization of the Bosnian Army and its artillery, artillery equipment and training, and challenges.

  German FA on Its Way into the Future by Brigadier General Jochen Schneider (General of the German Artillery), March-April 1998, Pages 14-16.  Discusses equipment, C2, TA and fighting with fires.

  Red Storm: The Russian Artillery in Chechnya by MAJ Gregrory J. Celestan (TRADOC Foreign Military Studies Office), January-February 1997, Pages 42-45.  Outlines Russian urban combat, artillery tactics and techniques and Chechen tactics and techniques. Includes some pictures and descriptions of artillery equipment.

  Artillery and Counterinsurgency: The Soviet Experience in Afghanistan by LTC(R) Lester W. Grau, IN (TRADOC Foreign Military Studies Office), May-June 1997, Pages 36-41.  Discusses Soviet TTP for counterinsurgency in fighting the Mujahideen: large-scale operations, support of tactical units, battalion and company raids, breaking contact and withdrawing, the artillery ambush and convoy security.

  The Russian God of War in Transition—From Quantity to Quality, an interview with Colonel General Nikolai M. Dimidyuk (Commander of Rockets Forces and Artillery Troops, Ground Forces, Federation of Russia), November-December 1996, Pages 7-9.  Discusses some equipment, officer training and operations in Chechnya.

  ROK Artillery—Present and Future by MAJ John Gordon IV (FSO, 2d Infantry Division), February 1990, Pages 11-16.  Discusses the North Korean threat with hardened artillery sites (HARTS); the ROK Army’s artillery organization, doctrine and equipment; and areas of concern (counterfire radars, enemy HARTS and munitions).

 The North Korean Threat: Countering Brawn with Brains by George T. Norris (Foreign Science and Technology Center), April 1990, Pages 51-53.  Discusses North Korea’s massive FA capabilities and ways to counter that threat.

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8. Acronym Listing   Go Top

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AFATDS = Advanced Field Artillery Tactical Data System 
ADC(M) = Assistant Division Commander for Maneuver
AGM = Attack Guidance Matrix 
AGOS = Air Ground Operations School, Nellis AFB, Nevada
ALO = Air Liaison Officer 
ALOC = Administrative and Logistics Operation Center 
AO = Area of Operations 
AR = Armor 
ARNG = Army National Guard 
ARARNG = Arkansas Army National Guard 
ARFOR = Army Forces 
ASAS = All-Source Analysis System 
ASOC = Air Support Operations Center
ASP = Ammunition Supply Point 
ASR = Air Support Request
Avn = Aviation
ATACMS = Army Tactical Missile System 
ATO = Air Tasking Order 
BCD = Battlefield Coordination Detachment 
BCE = Battlefield Coordination Element 
BCT = Brigade Combat Team 
BCTP = Battle Command Training Program 
BFIST = Bradley Fire Support Vehicle 
BOC = Battery Operations Center 
C2 = Command and Control 
C3 = Command, Control and Communications 
CAARNG = California Army National Guard 
CALFEX = Combined Arms Live-Fire Exercise 
CAOC = Combined Air Operations Center 
CAS = Close Air Support 
CCLs = Combat Configured Loads 
CCTT = Close Combat Tactical Trainer 
CCU = Compact Computer Unit (AFATDS)
CENTCOM = Central Command 
CFF = Call-for-Fire 
CFO = Counterfire Officer
CINCENT = Commander-in-Chief of Central Command 
CMTC = Combat Maneuver Training Center, Hohenfels, Germany 
COA = Course of Action 
COE = Contemporary Operational Environment 
COLT = Combat Observation Lasing Team 
CP = Command Post 
CSS = Combat Service Support 
CTCs = Combat Training Centers
DECOORD = Deputy Effects Coordinator
DFSCOORD = Deputy Fire Support Coordinator 
DMD = Digital Message Device 
DOCC = Deep Operations Coordination Cell 
DS = Direct Support 
DSM = Decision Support Matrix 
DST = Decision Support Template 
EA = Engagement Area 
ECAS = Emergency Close Air Support
EFATs = Essential Field Artillery Tasks 
EFSTs = Essential Fire Support Tasks 
ETAC = Enlisted Tactical Air Controller (USAF)
FAASV = Field Artillery Ammunition Support Vehicle 
FAIO = Field Artillery Intelligence Officer 
FASCAM = Family of Scatterable Mine 
FASP = Field Artillery Support Plan 
FCNCO = Fire Control NCO 
FCO = Fire Control Officer
FCX = Fire Control Exercise 
FDC = Fire Direction Center 
FECC = Fires and Effects Coordination Cell 
FFE = Fire for Effect 
FIST = Fire Support Team 
FIST-V = Fire Support Team Vehicle 
FLARNG = Florida Army National Guard 
FLOT = Forward-Line-of-Own-Troops 
FO = Forward Observer 
FOB = Forward Operating Base 
FRAGO = Fragmentary Order
FSCAOD = Fire Support and Combined Arms Operations Department, FA School 
FSCM = Fire Support Coordinating Measures 
FSCOORD = Fire Support Coordinator 
FSE = Fire Support Element 
FSEM = Fire Support Execution Matrix 
FSNCO = Fire Support NCO 
FSO = Fire Support Officer 
GCE = Ground Combat Element 
GD = Gunnery Department, FA School 
GPS = Global Positioning System 
GS = General Support 
GSR = General Support Reinforcing 
G/VLLD = Ground/Vehicular Laser Locator Designator 
HGSS = Hellfire Ground Support Simulator 
HIMARS = High-Mobility Artillery Rocket System 
HMMWV = High-Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle 
HPTL = High-Payoff Target List 
IFSAS = Initial Fire Support Automated System 
IN = Infantry 
IO = Information Operations 
IPB = Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield 
ISB = Intermediate Staging Base 
JAG = Judge Advocate General 
JAOC = Joint Air Operations Center 
JCAS = Joint Close Air Support
JFACC = Joint Force Air Component Commander 
JRTC = Joint Readiness Training Center, Fort Polk, Louisiana 
JTF = Joint Task Force 
JTRGS = Joint Targeting Reference Grid System 
KFOR = Kosovo Forces 
LID = Light Infantry Division 
LNO = Liaison Officer 
MAGTF = Marine Air Ground Task Force 
MCAGCC = Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center, 29 Palms, California 
MDMP = Military Decision-Making Process 
MEF = Marine Expeditionary Force
MELIOS = Mini Eye-Safe Laser Infrared Observation System 
METL = Mission Essential Task List 
METT-T = Mission, Enemy, Terrain, Troops and Time Available 
MILSATCOM = Military Satellite Communications 
MLRS = Multiple-Launch Rocket System 
MOUT = Military Operations in Urban Terrain 
MSD = Minimum Safe Distance 
MSE = Mobile Subscriber Equipment
MVV = Muzzle Velocity Variations 
NEO = Noncombatant Evacuation Operations 
NFA = No-Fire Area 
NTC = National Training Center, Fort Irwin, California 
O/C = Observer Controller
ODS = Operation Desert Storm 
OOTW = Operations Other than War 
OPAREA = Operations Area 
OPLAN = Operations Plan 
OPFOR = Opposing Forces 
OPORD = Operations Order 
PCCs = PreCombat Checks 
PCIs = PreCombat Inspections 
PIR = Priority Intelligence Requirements 
PLGR = Precision Lightweight Global Positioning System Receiver 
POC = Platoon Operations Center 
POF = Priority of Fires 
R = Reinforcing 
REDs = Risk Estimate Distances 
ROE = Rules of Engagement 
RPV = Remotely Piloted Vehicle 
RSOP = Reconnaissance, Selection and Occupation of Position 
RSTA = Reconnaissance, Surveillance and Target Acquisition 
S2 = Intelligence 
S3 = Operations & Training 
S4 = Supply & Logistics 
SADARM = Sense and Destroy Armor Munition (155-mm)
SASO = Stability and Support Operations 
SEP = System Enhancement Program 
SFOR = Stabilization Forces (Bosnia) 
SOF = Special Operations Forces 
SOP = Standing Operating Procedures 
SOSO = Stability Operations and Support Operations
SPLL = Self-Propelled Loader Launcher 
STX = Situational Training Exercise 
TA = Target Acquisition 
TAA = Tactical Assembly Area 
TAB = Target Acquisition Battery 
TAC = Tactical Command Post 
TACC = Tactical Air Control Center 
TACFIRE = Tactical Fire Direction System 
TACP = Tactical Air Control Party (USAF)
TACSOP = Tactical SOP 
TBMCS = Theater Battle Management Control System (USAF) 
TF = Task Force 
TLP = Troop-Leading Procedures 
TMM = Target Management Matrix 
TOC = Tactical Operations Center 
TOE = Table of Organization and Equipment 
TRADOC = Training and Doctrine Command 
TRP = Target Reference Point 
TSM = TRADOC System Manager 
TTP = Tactics, Techniques and Procedures 
UAV = Unmanned Aerial Vehicle 
UBL = Unit Basic Load 
USAREUR = US Army Europe 
UTM = Universal Transverse Mercator 
VT = Variable Time

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